| Población de 2001: Cifra absoluta | Población de 2001: Porcentaje | Población de 2001: Porcentaje acumulado | Posición relativa en 1991 | Posición relativa en 1981 | ||
| 0 | TOTAL NACIONAL | 40847371.00 | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| 1 | Madrid | 5423384.00 | 13.28 | 13.28 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2 | Barcelona | 4805927.00 | 11.77 | 25.04 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| 3 | Valencia | 2216285.00 | 5.43 | 30.47 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| 4 | Sevilla | 1727603.00 | 4.23 | 34.70 | 4.00 | 4.00 |
| 5 | Alicante/Alacant | 1461925.00 | 3.58 | 38.28 | 5.00 | 6.00 |
| 6 | Málaga | 1287017.00 | 3.15 | 41.43 | 6.00 | 9.00 |
| 7 | Murcia | 1197646.00 | 2.93 | 44.36 | 11.00 | 11.00 |
| 8 | Vizcaya | 1122637.00 | 2.75 | 47.11 | 7.00 | 5.00 |
| 9 | Cádiz | 1116491.00 | 2.73 | 49.84 | 10.00 | 10.00 |
| 10 | Coruña (A) | 1096027.00 | 2.68 | 52.52 | 8.00 | 8.00 |
| 11 | Asturias | 1062998.00 | 2.60 | 55.13 | 9.00 | 7.00 |
| 12 | Pontevedra | 903759.00 | 2.21 | 57.34 | 12.00 | 12.00 |
| 13 | Palmas (Las) | 887676.00 | 2.17 | 59.51 | 15.00 | 16.00 |
| 14 | Zaragoza | 861855.00 | 2.11 | 61.62 | 13.00 | 13.00 |
| 15 | Illes Balears | 841669.00 | 2.06 | 63.68 | 18.00 | 19.00 |
| 16 | Granada | 821660.00 | 2.01 | 65.69 | 14.00 | 14.00 |
| 17 | Santa Cruz de Tenerife | 806801.00 | 1.98 | 67.67 | 17.00 | 18.00 |
| 18 | Córdoba | 761657.00 | 1.86 | 69.53 | 16.00 | 15.00 |
| 19 | Guipúzcoa | 673563.00 | 1.65 | 71.18 | 19.00 | 17.00 |
| 20 | Badajoz | 654882.00 | 1.60 | 72.79 | 20.00 | 20.00 |
| 21 | Jaén | 643820.00 | 1.58 | 74.36 | 21.00 | 21.00 |
| 22 | Tarragona | 609673.00 | 1.49 | 75.86 | 22.00 | 24.00 |
| 23 | Girona | 565304.00 | 1.38 | 77.24 | 26.00 | 29.00 |
| 24 | Navarra | 555829.00 | 1.36 | 78.60 | 25.00 | 25.00 |
| 25 | Toledo | 541379.00 | 1.33 | 79.93 | 28.00 | 28.00 |
| 26 | Almería | 536731.00 | 1.31 | 81.24 | 30.00 | 34.00 |
| 27 | Cantabria | 535131.00 | 1.31 | 82.55 | 23.00 | 23.00 |
| 28 | Valladolid | 498094.00 | 1.22 | 83.77 | 27.00 | 26.00 |
| 29 | León | 488751.00 | 1.20 | 84.97 | 24.00 | 22.00 |
| 30 | Castellón/Castelló | 484566.00 | 1.19 | 86.15 | 31.00 | 30.00 |
| 31 | Ciudad Real | 478957.00 | 1.17 | 87.32 | 29.00 | 27.00 |
| 32 | Huelva | 462579.00 | 1.13 | 88.46 | 32.00 | 33.00 |
| 33 | Cáceres | 403621.00 | 0.99 | 89.44 | 33.00 | 32.00 |
| 34 | Albacete | 364835.00 | 0.89 | 90.34 | 39.00 | 39.00 |
| 35 | Lleida | 362206.00 | 0.89 | 91.22 | 37.00 | 38.00 |
| 36 | Lugo | 357648.00 | 0.88 | 92.10 | 34.00 | 35.00 |
| 37 | Burgos | 348934.00 | 0.85 | 92.95 | 38.00 | 37.00 |
| 38 | Salamanca | 345609.00 | 0.85 | 93.80 | 35.00 | 36.00 |
| 39 | Ourense | 338446.00 | 0.83 | 94.63 | 36.00 | 31.00 |
| 40 | Álava | 286387.00 | 0.70 | 95.33 | 40.00 | 40.00 |
| 41 | Rioja (La) | 276702.00 | 0.68 | 96.01 | 41.00 | 41.00 |
| 42 | Huesca | 206502.00 | 0.51 | 96.51 | 43.00 | 44.00 |
| 43 | Cuenca | 200346.00 | 0.49 | 97.00 | 44.00 | 43.00 |
| 44 | Zamora | 199090.00 | 0.49 | 97.49 | 42.00 | 42.00 |
| 45 | Guadalajara | 174999.00 | 0.43 | 97.92 | 48.00 | 49.00 |
| 46 | Palencia | 174143.00 | 0.43 | 98.35 | 45.00 | 45.00 |
| 47 | Ávila | 163442.00 | 0.40 | 98.75 | 46.00 | 46.00 |
| 48 | Segovia | 147694.00 | 0.36 | 99.11 | 47.00 | 48.00 |
| 49 | Teruel | 135858.00 | 0.33 | 99.44 | 49.00 | 47.00 |
| 50 | Soria | 90717.00 | 0.22 | 99.66 | 50.00 | 50.00 |
| 51 | Ceuta | 71505.00 | 0.18 | 99.84 | 51.00 | 51.00 |
| 52 | Melilla | 66411.00 | 0.16 | 100.00 | 52.00 | 52.00 |